梯度电测深剖面法及其应用     

葛为中  吕玉增  丁云河 《物探与化探》2011,35(2):206-211

针对常规直流电测深的应用情况,改革布极方式,研究提出梯度测深剖面法。该法能简化布极工序,可用多台接收机或多通道电测仪在多个电测深点上同时(连续)观测,大大提高工作效率。其装置有三极测深、四极测深和中梯测深等,其观测剖面上由于采用供电极稀设方式,能很好地适应二维正反演计算网格,宜于获得带地形的电阻率、极化率断面,实现电测深数据的层折成像。目前,该梯度测深方法已应用于金属矿勘查和工程勘察之中,取得成效。  相似文献   

绘图方式对直流电测深等值线断面图的影响     

郭崇光 《物探与化探》2011,35(5):707-709

以一条测线的直流电测深资料为例,分别用人工和Surfer软件绘制出视电阻率等值线断面图进行比较,从而说明:正确地应用Surfer软件绘制等值线图非常重要,关键是网格化前对x、y值的表达方式以及选择那种插值方法,如何插值才能取得理想的效果,否则会直接影响资料解释,甚至会得出错误的结论。  相似文献   

深水高弯度水道-堤岸沉积体系形态及特征   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李华  何幼斌  王振奇 《古地理学报》2011,13(2):139-149

在海底扇研究及油气勘探中,不断发现一种形态类似曲流河的高弯度水道-堤岸沉积体系,其在形态及沉积特征方面与海底扇有较大差异.在国内外研究成果的基础上,结合对重力流的实际研究工作,对该体系的沉积模式及沉积特征等开展了进一步的研究,并从沉积环境、流体类型、形态等方面与曲流河进行比较.深水高弯度水道-堤岸沉积体系主要包括水道、...  相似文献   

Quantifying the influence of channel sinuosity on the depositional mechanics of channelized turbidity currents: A laboratory study     

Kyle M. Straub  David MohrigJames Buttles  Brandon McElroyCarlos Pirmez 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2011,28(3):744-760

Here we present results from a suite of laboratory experiments that highlight the influence of channel sinuosity on the depositional mechanics of channelized turbidity currents. We released turbidity currents into three channels in an experimental basin filled with water and monitored current properties and the evolution of topography via sedimentation. The three channels were similar in cross-sectional geometry but varied in sinuosity. Results from these experiments are used to constrain the run-up of channelized turbidity currents on the outer banks of moderate to high curvature channel bends. We find that a current is unlikely to remain contained within a channel when the kinetic energy of a flow exceeds the potential energy associated with an elevation gain equal to the channel relief; setting an effective upper limit for current velocity. Next we show that flow through bends induces a vertical mixing that redistributes suspended sediment back into the interiors of depositional turbidity currents. This mixing counteracts the natural tendency for suspended sediment concentration and grain size to stratify vertically, thereby reducing the rate at which sediment is lost from a current via deposition. Finally, the laboratory experiments suggest that turbidity currents might commonly separate from channel sidewalls along the inner banks of bends. In some cases, sedimentation rates and patterns within the resulting separation zones are sufficient to construct bar forms that are attached to the channel sidewalls and represent an important mechanism of submarine channel filling. These bar forms have inclined strata that might be mistaken for the deposits of point bars and internal levees, even though the formation mechanism and its implications to channel history are different.  相似文献   

Numerical simulation of wave-induced currents combined with parabolic mild-slope equation in curvilinear coordinates     

崔雷  佟飞飞  石峰 《中国海洋工程》2011,25(3):457-468

Researches on breaking-induced currents by waves are summarized firstly in this paper. Then, a combined numerical model in orthogonal curvilinear coordinates is presented to simulate wave-induced current in areas with curved boundary or irregular coastline. The proposed wave-induced current model includes a nearshore current module established through orthogonal curvilinear transformation form of shallow water equations and a wave module based on the curvilinear parabolic approximation wave equation. The wave module actually serves as the driving force to provide the current module with required radiation stresses. The Crank-Nicolson finite difference scheme and the alternating directions implicit method are used to solve the wave and current module, respectively. The established surf zone currents model is validated by two numerical experiments about longshore currents and rip currents in basins with rip channel and breakwater. The numerical results are compared with the measured data and published numerical results.  相似文献   

Analysis of southeast Australian zooplankton observations of 1938-42 using synoptic oceanographic conditions     

Mark E. Baird  Jason D. EverettIain M. Suthers 《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2011,58(5):699-711

The research vessel Warreen obtained 1742 planktonic samples along the continental shelf and slope of southeast Australia from 1938-42, representing the earliest spatially and temporally resolved zooplankton data from Australian marine waters. In this paper, Warreen observations along the southeast Australian seaboard from 28°S to 38°S are interpreted based on synoptic meteorological and oceanographic conditions and ocean climatologies. Meteorological conditions are based on the NOAA-CIRES 20th Century Reanalysis Project; oceanographic conditions use Warreen hydrological observations, and the ocean climatology is the CSIRO Atlas of Regional Seas. The Warreen observations were undertaken in waters on average 0.45 °C cooler than the climatological average, and included the longest duration El Niño of the 20th century. In northern New South Wales (NSW), week time-scale events dominate zooplankton response. In August 1940 an unusual winter upwelling event occurred in northern NSW driven by a stronger than average East Australian Current (EAC) and anomalous northerly winds that resulted in high salp and larvacean abundance. In January 1941 a strong upwelling event between 28° and 33°S resulted in a filament of upwelled water being advected south and alongshore, which was low in zooplankton biovolume. In southern NSW a seasonal cycle in physical and planktonic characteristics is observed. In January 1941 the poleward extension of the EAC was strong, advecting more tropical tunicate species southward. Zooplankton abundance and distribution on the continental shelf and slope are more dependent on weekly to monthly timescales on local oceanographic and meteorological conditions than continental-scale interannual trends. The interpretation of historical zooplankton observations of the waters off southeast Australia for the purpose of quantifying anthropogenic impacts will be improved with the use of regional hindcasts of synoptic ocean and atmospheric weather that can explain some of the physically forced natural variability.  相似文献   

舟山凉潭岛填海工程对水动力及海床演变影响的模拟预测分析     

吴仁豪  童元正  张旭锋  赵晟  孙健  娄建富  王海平 《热带海洋学报》2011,(4)

用一个三维(ECOMSED)模式对舟山凉潭岛填海工程前后的潮流场变化进行模拟,做出预测。潮流场模拟结果与实测基本吻合。经分析可知,工程对潮流的影响主要在围堤的东南角小范围内:工程后流速明显减小,造成淤积现象,但淤积程度不大,1年后的淤积为13cm左右,5年后的淤积为0.8—1.2m左右。工程对较深水层的潮流运动影响很小。通过对施工期间产生的悬浮物在涨落潮时的分布模拟可知,涨潮时,悬浮物从工程区域的一个悬浮物源不断排出,主要对工程附近及其上游地区造成一定的影响;落潮时,悬浮物主要影响工程外围及其下游地区,整个落潮期间悬浮物能影响的范围比涨潮期间要大。总体上工程对该附近海域的潮流场及冲淤影响很小。  相似文献   

胶州湾潮汐潮流高分辨率数值模拟研究     

陈金瑞  陈学恩  于华明  闫运伟  单士亮  赵健 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,(Z2):29-35

基于采用无结构网格和有限体积方法的FVCOM陆架模式,考虑8个主要的天文分潮,建立胶州湾三维高分辨率数值模型来重现和研究其潮汐潮流变化状况。与实测资料对比验证表明,模拟结果与实测值吻合较好。在此基础上,根据模拟结果计算得到了较以往更为精细的同潮图和潮汐、潮流、余流分布特征。研究结果揭示,最大可能潮流和最大余流都发生在团岛附近,流速分别可达2.14和0.43 m/s;除了湾口附近前人报道过的4个余流系统外,还在中部首次揭示了2个相对较弱的余流系统;潮流能通量在内外湾口呈"左进右出"的结构;胶州湾的平均纳潮量为8.31亿m3;染色试验表明,胶州湾30 d的水交换率为36.8%。  相似文献   

云南省禄劝县普福滑坡形成条件、发展趋势与防治对策     

程先锋  祝传兵  齐武福  徐俊  袁佳 《矿产与地质》2015,(3)

云南省禄劝县普福滑坡是我国典型灾难性滑坡之一,曾多次发生大规模滑动。本文回顾了普福滑坡的活动历史,分析了其形成条件。通过实地调查,结合由遥感多波段数据与DEM数据融合而成的三维影像图,指出普福滑坡实际上是一个滑坡(崩塌)→泥石流灾害链,且再次发生大规模滑动的可能性很大,影响范围覆盖烂泥沟两岸大面积区域。目前最经济有效的减灾措施包括搬迁避让、群测群防、监测预报、生态恢复和水土保持等。  相似文献   

水库异重流一维水沙耦合模型     

王增辉  夏军强  李涛  郜国明  张俊华 《水科学进展》2015,26(1):74-82

建立了基于库区不规则断面的一维非恒定异重流数学模型,并采用明流与异重流水沙输移模型交替运算的两步模式,即用潜入条件动态判别异重流计算的上游边界位置,将潜入点上游的明流浑水段与下游异重流段计算连接起来。水流运动、泥沙输移与河床变形过程完全耦合,采用TVD(Total Variation Diminishing)形式的MUSCL-Hancock格式进行数值求解。将该模型应用于恒定流量与释放定量悬沙两种条件下的异重流水槽实验模拟,比较了有无水面梯度项对模拟精度的影响,计算结果表明该模型能较为准确地预测异重流的厚度、含沙量分布及传播过程。  相似文献